.. include:: /urls.rst

.. _pureos_installation_media:

Installation media
==================

Overview
--------

In order to install :ref:`PureOS <pureos_image>`, you need to create a bootable USB flash drive.
There are several ways to do this:

+------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Environment                                                            | Tool                                                                      |
+========================================================================+===========================================================================+
| Using a USB flash drive from Purism                                    | :ref:`Use a Purism OEM or Live USB drive <pureos_installation_media_oem>` |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Using a GNU/Linux computer                                             | :ref:`GNOME Disks <pureos_installation_prepare_sd_gnome_disks>`           |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Using a Windows or macOS computer                                      | :ref:`Etcher <pureos_installation_prepare_sd_etcher>`                     |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Using the terminal on GNU/Linux, macOS, or Windows Subsystem for Linux | :ref:`dd <pureos_installation_prepare_sd_dd>`                             |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+


.. _pureos_installation_media_oem:

Use a Purism OEM or Live USB drive
----------------------------------

If you have already purchased a Purism `USB flash drive`_ that contains an "OEM" or "Live" image of PureOS, you are already finished!
There is no need to continue this section of the guide.

.. seealso::
   `USB flash drive options`_


.. _pureos_installation_prepare_sd_gnome_disks:

Burn images using GNOME Disks
-----------------------------

.. warning::
   This action will permanently erase all data on your SD Card/USB drive!

#. Open :ref:`GNOME Disks <pureos_disk_management_gnome_disks>` and navigate to your USB drive:

   .. image:: ../img/install/gd1.png
      :scale: 50%
      :alt: GNOME Disks Interface

#. Then press the menu button (☰, in the upper-right corner) and choose ``Restore Disk Image``.
   A pop-out window with option to choose which image will open:

   .. image:: ../img/install/gd2.png
      :scale: 50%
      :alt: GNOME Disks - Restore Disk Image

#. After you press ``Start Restoring`` it will prompt you for your password.
   Wait until it finishes and your image is written on your USB drive.
#. To boot from an SD card with a new image, you must insert your SD card and restart the device.
   At the boot screen (with the Purism image) you must press the escape button (top left on the keyboard) which will bring you to a menu of different drives you can boot from.
   Select the drive you need, in my case it was "USB MSC Drive Multiple Card Reader 1.00"
#. Follow the prompts as the new image boots.


.. _pureos_installation_prepare_sd_etcher:

Burn images using Etcher
------------------------

The ISO file you :ref:`downloaded and verified <pureos_image>` must now be written to an SD card/USB drive.
There are many ways to do this.
In this tutorial, we are using a program called **Etcher**.

Follow instructions to download and verify the PureOS ISO image.

#. `Download Etcher`_.

   .. note::
      Etcher supports various types of images: iso, img, dsk, hddimg, raw, zip, gz, bz2, xz.

   .. warning::
      This action will permanently erase all data on your SD Card/USB drive!

#. Launch Etcher and select your image:

   .. image:: ../img/install/etch1.png
      :scale: 50%
      :alt: Etcher User Interface

#. Select your USB drive and click ``Continue``:

   .. image:: ../img/install/etch2.png
      :scale: 50%
      :alt: Selecting a USB drive in Etcher

#. Click ``Flash``, and wait until Etcher flashes the image and verifies it:

   .. image:: ../img/install/etch3.png
      :scale: 50%
      :alt: Flashing a USB drive in Etcher

Once it completes, your image is written to your SD Card or USB drive:

.. image:: ../img/install/etch4.png
   :scale: 50%
   :alt: Flashing process complete


.. _pureos_installation_prepare_sd_dd:

Burn images using ``dd``
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

.. warning::
   Choosing the incorrect drive designation could cause you to unintentionally and permanently erase your valuable data, like the ``/`` or ``/home`` partition!
   Triple-check that you are using the correct block device when running this command!
   
   This action will wipe all data on your SD Card/USB drive!

#. Insert USB drive but do not mount it.
   The drive must remain unmounted.
#. Open a terminal emulator and run ``sudo fdisk -l`` to check drive designations.
#. Run: ``sudo dd bs=4M if=/path/to/PureOS-2.1.iso of=/dev/sdX status=progress  && sync``, replacing the **X** in ``sdX`` with your USB drive designation.
   For example: ``sdc`` (be very careful here!).
#. The ``sync`` command is important.
   Do not omit it!
  
The device is ready after the ``dd`` command finishes without errors.